Thursday, August 18, 2011

Computer Graphic

There are two types of computer graphics: raster graphics, where each pixel is separately defined (as in a digital photograph), and vector graphics, where mathematical formulas are used to draw lines and shapes, which are then interpreted at the viewer's end to produce the graphic. Using vectors results in infinitely sharp graphics and often smaller files, but, when complex, vectors take time to render and may have larger file sizes than a raster equivalent.
In 1950, the first computer-driven display was attached to MIT's Whirlwind I computer to generate simple pictures. This was followed by MIT's TX-0 and TX-2, interactive computing which increased interest in computer graphics during the late 1950s. In 1962, Ivan Sutherland invented Sketchpad, an innovative program that influenced alternative forms of interaction with computers.
In the mid-1960s, large computer graphics research projects were begun at MIT, General Motors, Bell Labs, and Lockheed Corporation. Douglas T. Ross of MIT developed an advanced compiler language for graphics programming. S.A.Coons, also at MIT, and J. C. Ferguson at Boeing, began work in sculptured surfaces. GM developed their DAC-1 system, and other companies, such as Douglas, Lockheed, and McDonnell, also made significant developments. In 1968, ray tracing was first described by Arthur Appel of the IBM Research Center, Yorktown Heights, N.Y. [1]
During the late 1970s, personal computers became more powerful, capable of drawing both basic and complex shapes and designs. In the 1980s, artists and graphic designers began to see the personal computer, particularly the Commodore Amiga and Macintosh, as a serious design tool, one that could save time and draw more accurately than other methods. 3D computer graphics became possible in the late 1980s with the powerful SGI computers, which were later used to create some of the first fully computer-generated short films at Pixar. The Macintosh remains one of the most popular tools for computer graphics in graphic design studios and businesses.
Modern computer systems, dating from the 1980s and onwards, often use a graphical user interface (GUI) to present data and information with symbols, icons and pictures, rather than text. Graphics are one of the five key elements of multimedia technology.
3D graphics became more popular in the 1990s in gaming, multimedia and animation. In 1996, Quake, one of the first fully 3D games, was released. In 1995, Toy Story, the first full-length computer-generated animation film, was released in cinemas. Since then, computer graphics have become more accurate and detailed, due to more advanced computers and better 3D modeling software applications, such as Maya, 3D Studio Max, and Cinema 4D.
Another use of computer graphics is screensavers, originally intended to preventing the layout of much-used GUIs from 'burning into' the computer screen. They have since evolved into true pieces of art, their practical purpose obsolete; modern screens are not susceptible to such burn in artifacts.

Wednesday, August 10, 2011

How to Draw People Holding Hands

how to draw people holding hands
how to draw people holding hands step 1

STEP 1.

Okay let's get this show on the road shall we? Start this first step by drawing out the body lines and shapes with the half circles for their heads being done first. Once that is done you can draw out the outline of their bodies and then the lines for the stretched arms.
 
how to draw people holding hands step 2

STEP 2.

Well in this second step you will start sketching out the shape of their hair styles and then shaping of both arms. Make sure you add the crease lines on his sleeve and then add butt cheeks to the couple. When drawing out her hair make sure that it is chunky like you see it here.
 
how to draw people holding hands step 3

STEP 3.

Now that you have reached your third step, you are only one more away from the final finished drawing. What you will do first is sketch in the strand lines for the hair styles on both the girl and boy. You will then finish the shape of their arms and then add shirt lines and the beginning lines for their holding hands.
 
how to draw people holding hands step 4

STEP 4.

This is the last drawing step and all you have to do now is sketch in all the little wrinkles and creases that you would normally see on the clothes of people. Once the clothes are detailed and defined you will finish off this drawing by sketching out the holding hands and that, is what this whole lesson is about. Once you are done start erasing all the guidelines and shapes that you drew in step one.
 
how to draw people holding hands step 5

STEP 5.

When finished your couple should come out looking like the ones you see here. This image kind of reminds me of Edward and Bella from the movie Twilight. All you have to do is color the love birds in and you have yourself a finished tutorial on how to draw people holding hands step by step.
 
 

Glyphs panel overview (Adobe Indesign CS4)

Enter glyphs by way of the Glyphs panel. The panel initially shows glyphs in the font where the cursor is located, but you can view a different font, view a type style in the font (for example, Light, Regular, or Bold), and make the panel display a subset of glyphs in the font (for example, math symbols, numbers, or punctuation symbols).
Glyphs panel
A.
Show subset of glyphs
B.
Tool tip
C.
Font list
D.
Font style
By moving the pointer over a glyph, you can read its CID/GID value, Unicode value, and name in a tool tip.

Open the Glyphs panel

 Choose Type > Glyphs or Window > Type & Tables > Glyphs.

Change the Glyphs panel view

  • Click the cycle widget (it’s located to the left of the word “Glyphs” on the Glyphs panel) to change views of the panel. Clicking the widget presents these views in succession: the collapsed panel, the entire panel, and the panel without recently used glyphs.
  • Click the Zoom In or Zoom Out buttons in the lower-right corner of the Glyphs panel.
  • Resize the Glyphs panel by dragging the lower-right corner.

Filter the glyphs that appear

 Do one of the following on the Show list to determine which glyphs appear on the Glyphs panel:
  • Choose Entire Font to display all glyphs available in the font.
  • Choose an option below Entire Font to narrow the list to a subset of glyphs. For example, Punctuation displays only punctuation glyphs; Math Symbols narrows the choices to mathematical symbols.

Sort glyphs in the Glyphs panel

 Choose By CID / GID or By Unicode to determine how glyphs are sorted in the Glyphs panel.

Monday, August 8, 2011

Applying color to objects (Freehand MX)

You can apply colors to strokes and fills by dragging color swatches from the Color Mixer, Tints, or Swatches panels. You can apply colors to selected objects by using the Object panel or the pop-up color palettes in the Tools panel.
You can also apply colors by using the Eyedropper tool to drag colors from other objects in the active document.
The stroke and fill color boxes on the Tools panel open a color palette that by default displays a list of web-ready colors (called color cubes). You can change the palette’s display to show the color list from the Swatches panel.
Stroke (upper) and fill (lower) color boxes in the Tools panel
For information on applying color to text, see Applying color to text and text blocks.

To apply color to a selected object, do one of the following:

In the Swatches panel, drag a swatch to the Fill, Stroke, or Both color selector at the upper left of the Swatches panel.
In the Swatches panel, click the Fill, Stroke, or Both selector at the upper left of the Swatches panel, and then select a color name in the list.
In the Object panel, select the stroke or fill to which you want to apply a color, and then select a color from the Swatches panel. For more information on adding strokes and fills using the Object panel, see Using Strokes and Fills.
Click the stroke or fill color box in the Tools panel and select a color from the pop-up color palette.

To apply color to an unselected object:
Drag a color swatch from the color box in the Color Mixer, Tints, or Swatches panel onto the object’s stroke or fill.

To change how color is applied to an unselected object:

1 Drag a color swatch from the color box in the Color Mixer, Tints, or Swatches panel over the object.
2 Before you release the mouse button, do one of the following:

Hold down Shift as you release the mouse button to apply the color only to the object’s fill.

Hold down Control-Shift (Windows) or Command (Macintosh) as you release the mouse button to apply the color only to the object’s stroke.

To apply color using the Eyedropper tool:

1 In the Tools panel, click the Eyedropper tool.
2 Position the pointer over the color that you want to apply.
3 Drag the color to the object to which you’ll apply the color.

To change the display of the pop-up color palettes:

1 In the Tools panel, click the stroke or fill color box to display the color palette.
2 Click the palette’s Options menu control and select Swatches or Color Cubes.





Creating custom color palettes (CorelDrawX4)

Custom color palettes are collections of colors that you save. A number of preset custom color palettes are available; however, you can create color palettes from scratch. Custom color palettes are useful when you frequently choose the same colors, or when you want to work with a set of colors that look good together.

You can create a custom color palette by choosing each color manually or by using the colors in an object or an entire area.

To create a custom color palette

1. Click Window Color palettes Palette editor.

2. Click New palette .

3. Type a filename.

4. Click Save.

5. In the Palette editor dialog box, click Add color.

6. In the Select color dialog box, choose a color, and click Add color to palette.

To create a color palette from an object

1. Select an object.

2. Click Window Color palettes Create palette from selection.

3. Type a filename.

4. Click Save.

To create a color palette from a document

1. Click Window Color palettes Create palette from document.

2. Type a filename.

3. Click Save.

Sunday, August 7, 2011

About vector graphics and bitmap images

About vector graphics and bitmap images

FreeHand is a vector-graphic drawing application. A vector-graphic image is resolution-independent--it can be scaled to any size and printed on any output device at any resolution, without losing detail or clarity. In contrast, bitmap graphics--commonly used in image-editing applications--are composed of pixels. Their display depends on the resolution of the monitor or printer. Bitmap graphics can appear jagged and lose detail when they’re scaled onscreen or printed at a low resolution.

About vector graphics and bitmap images

About vector graphics and bitmap images

FreeHand is a vector-graphic drawing application. A vector-graphic image is resolution-independent--it can be scaled to any size and printed on any output device at any resolution, without losing detail or clarity. In contrast, bitmap graphics--commonly used in image-editing applications--are composed of pixels. Their display depends on the resolution of the monitor or printer. Bitmap graphics can appear jagged and lose detail when they’re scaled onscreen or printed at a low resolution.

Hands Writing
















Hands For Designing

 Demanding Hand
 Showing Hand

 Showing

Handeling


Pointing
 Washing

 Hands Care

 Showing

 Thumbs Up

Tuesday, August 2, 2011

Walpapers



Note: These are just sample of some wallpapers. for detail E-mail: help.graphicdesign@gmail.com